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Answers for “平滑常数 alpha 代表什么?”

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The Year 3 forecast is calculated by applying the exponential smoothing formula to the Year 2 actual demand and the Year 2 forecast. The actual demand of 365 is weighted by α=0.4\alpha=0.4, and the previous forecast of 310 is weighted by (1−α)=0.6(1-\alpha)=0.6, yielding a new forecast of 332.

Conditions: The smoothing constant α\alpha is 0.4.; The actual demand for Year 2 (A2A_2) is 365.; The forecast for Year 2 (F2F_2) is 310.

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To calculate exponential smoothing forecasts step-by-step, first initialize the first forecast equal to the first actual demand. Then, for each subsequent period, substitute the previous period's actual demand and previous forecast into the formula Ft+1=αAt+(1−α)FtF_{t+1} = \alpha A_t + (1-\alpha)F_t to compute the next forecast, repeating this recursive process until the target period is reached.

Conditions: The smoothing constant α\alpha is fixed across all periods.; An initial forecast F1F_1 is established from A1A_1.; Each new forecast depends only on the immediately preceding actual demand and forecast.

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The video translates the mathematical recurrence into an Excel formula. For Week 2, the current forecast is computed from the Week 1 forecast in C4, the Week 1 actual in B4, and the smoothing constant in B2.

Conditions: Requires a table with actuals in one column and forecasts in another.; Uses relative references for prior row values and an absolute reference for alpha.