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Answers for “欧几里得算法的基本情况是什么?”

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To trace the Euclidean algorithm for gcd⁡(10,15)\gcd(10,15), repeatedly apply the step gcd⁡(a,b)=gcd⁡(b,a mod b)\gcd(a,b)=\gcd(b,a\bmod b) until the second argument is zero. The sequence is gcd⁡(10,15)=gcd⁡(15,10)=gcd⁡(10,5)=gcd⁡(5,0)=5\gcd(10,15)=\gcd(15,10)=\gcd(10,5)=\gcd(5,0)=5.

Conditions: The initial pair is (10, 15).; The algorithm uses the Euclidean step gcd⁡(a,b)=gcd⁡(b,a mod b)\gcd(a,b)=\gcd(b,a\bmod b).; The process stops when the second argument is zero.

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The Euclidean algorithm reduces the problem size by replacing the larger number with the remainder of the division of the two numbers. Since the remainder rr satisfies 0≤r<a0 \le r < a (where aa is the divisor), the new number is strictly smaller than the previous larger number, ensuring progress towards the base case.

Conditions: The current pair is (a,b)(a,b) with b≥a>0b \ge a > 0.; The step computes b=aq+rb = aq + r with 0≤r<a0 \le r < a.; The new pair is (r,a)(r,a) or (a,r)(a,r) depending on implementation, but effectively the max value decreases.

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The Euclidean algorithm keeps the GCD by repeatedly applying the step gcd⁡(a,b)=gcd⁡(b,a mod b)\gcd(a,b)=\gcd(b,a\bmod b) for nonnegative aa and positive bb. This replaces the pair with the divisor and the remainder, preserving the greatest common divisor.

Conditions: aa is a nonnegative integer.; bb is a positive integer.; The operation a mod ba\bmod b computes the remainder of aa divided by bb.