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Answers for “什么是层?”

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The outer derivative g′g' must be evaluated at the output of the inner function, i.e., at h(x)h(x), not at the original input xx. This reflects the sequential nature of composition: the change in xx affects hh, and the sensitivity of gg depends on the current value of hh.

Conditions: Computing derivative of g(h(x))g(h(x)); Applying chain rule g′(h(x))h′(x)g'(h(x))h'(x)

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A matrix is diagonalizable if and only if it possesses a full set of linearly independent eigenvectors (an eigenbasis). The primary benefit is computational efficiency: calculating high powers of the matrix (e.g., A100A^{100}) becomes trivial because you simply raise the diagonal entries (eigenvalues) to that power, rather than performing repeated matrix multiplication.

Conditions: Matrix has nn linearly independent eigenvectors in nn-dimensional space; Change of basis matrix PP formed by eigenvectors is invertible

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For a selected test pixel, the algorithm compares the corresponding values in the auxiliary layers against user-defined thresholds. If the threshold requirement is met, the cell value is changed to 1, interpreted as built-up growth.

Conditions: A test pixel is selected from the main raster.; Each relevant auxiliary layer value is compared with its user-defined threshold.; Transition occurs only when the threshold requirement is satisfied.