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Answers for “如何积分 $x^3\sqrt{1+x^4}$?”

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The final value is 23−4232\sqrt{3} - \frac{4\sqrt{2}}{3}. This is obtained by evaluating the antiderivative 23x3/2\frac{2}{3}x^{3/2} at the converted bounds x=3x=3 and x=2x=2 and subtracting the results.

Conditions: The integral is ∫0ln⁡2eu1+eudu\int_0^{\ln 2} e^u \sqrt{1+e^u} du.; The substitution x=1+eux = 1 + e^u is used.; The bounds are converted to 2 and 3.; The antiderivative is 23x3/2\frac{2}{3}x^{3/2}.

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For the arc length formula ∫ab1+(f′(x))2dx\int_{a}^{b} \sqrt{1 + (f'(x))^2} dx to be valid, the function f(x)f(x) must be continuous on the closed interval [a,b][a, b], and its derivative f′(x)f'(x) must also be continuous on [a,b][a, b]. These conditions ensure that the curve is smooth enough for the integral to accurately represent its length.

Conditions: The curve is defined by a function y=f(x)y = f(x).; The interval of integration is [a,b][a, b].; f(x)f(x) is continuous on [a,b][a, b].; f′(x)f'(x) is continuous on [a,b][a, b].