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Answers for “为什么由 $x$ 生成的子群必须包含 $x^{-1}$ 和 $1$?”

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Any subgroup containing xx must also contain its inverse x−1x^{-1} and the identity element 11 because these are required by the definition of a subgroup. Additionally, closure under the group operation forces the inclusion of all integral powers of xx and x−1x^{-1}.

Conditions: GG is a group.; H≤GH \le G is a subgroup.; x∈Hx \in H.