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Answers for “为什么 $X \to Z \to Y \to 0$ 的正合性意味着 $\operatorname{im} p=Y$?”

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Exactness at YY means that the image of the incoming map pp equals the kernel of the outgoing map Y→0Y\to 0. The kernel of the zero map Y→0Y\to 0 is all of YY.

Conditions: X→iZ→pY→0X \xrightarrow{i} Z \xrightarrow{p} Y \to 0 is an exact sequence.; Exactness is defined as im⁡(incoming)=ker⁡(outgoing)\operatorname{im}(\text{incoming}) = \ker(\text{outgoing}) at each internal object.