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When $R_0 > 1$, each generation of infections is larger than the previous one because every case produces more than one new infection on average. This repeated multiplication by a factor greater than one results in exponential growth of the outbreak.

Conditions: Assumes the same average transmission per case across generations.; The worked example uses $R_0=2.5$.

When $R_0 > 1$, each generation of infections is larger than the previous one because every case produces more than one new infection on average. This repeated multiplication by a factor greater than one results in exponential growth of the outbreak.

Conditions: Assumes the same average transmission per case across generations.; The worked example uses $R_0=2.5$.