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Answers for “为什么垂直方向的特征值是 -1?”

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For the reflection about y=−xy=-x, the vector (1,1)(1,1) is mapped to (−1,−1)(-1,-1). Since (−1,−1)=−1⋅(1,1)(-1,-1) = -1 \cdot (1,1), the vector (1,1)(1,1) is an eigenvector with an eigenvalue of −1-1.

Conditions: The transformation is a reflection about the line y=−xy=-x.; The vector is nonzero.; The vector is perpendicular to the reflection line.