What does it mean for a diagram to commute?

The category of functors from $C$ to $D$, denoted $\mathcal{D}^\mathcal{C}$, is a category where the objects are the functors from $C$ to $D$, and the morphisms are the natural transformations between these functors.

Conditions: $C$ and $D$ are categories.

The diagram must commute to ensure that the natural transformation is structurally consistent with the functors and the categories they connect. Specifically, it guarantees that transforming an object via $\eta$ and then applying the functor $G$ to a morphism yields the same result as applying the functor $F$ to the morphism first and then transforming via $\eta$.

Conditions: $h$ is a morphism in $C$ from object $x$ to object $y$.; $F$ and $G$ are functors from $C$ to $D$.; $\eta_x$ and $\eta_y$ are components of the natural transformation $\eta$.

A natural transformation $\eta$ between functors $F$ and $G$ is defined by assigning a morphism $\eta_x : F(x) \to G(x)$ in the target category $D$ for each object $x$ in the source category $C$, such that for every morphism $h : x \to y$ in $C$, the corresponding square commutes ($\eta_y \circ F(h) = G(h) \circ \eta_x$).

Conditions: $F$ and $G$ are functors from $C$ to $D$.; $x$ and $y$ are objects in $C$.; $h$ is a morphism from $x$ to $y$ in $C$.

The composition of two natural transformations $\eta : F \to G$ and $\gamma : G \to H$ is defined componentwise. For each object $x$ in the source category $C$, the $x$-component of the composite transformation $\gamma \circ \eta$ is the composite morphism $\gamma_x \circ \eta_x$ in the target category $D$.

Conditions: $\eta$ is a natural transformation from $F$ to $G$.; $\gamma$ is a natural transformation from $G$ to $H$.; $x$ is an object in $C$.

A natural transformation $\eta$ between two functors $F$ and $G$ (both mapping from category $C$ to category $D$) is a rule that assigns to every object $x$ in $C$ a morphism $\eta_x$ in $D$, specifically from $F(x)$ to $G(x)$. This morphism $\eta_x$ is called the component of the natural transformation at object $x$.

Conditions: $F$ and $G$ are functors from category $C$ to category $D$.; For each object $x$ in $C$, $\eta_x$ is a morphism in $D$ from $F(x)$ to $G(x)$.; For every morphism $h: x \to y$ in $C$, the commutative square condition $\eta_y \circ F(h) = G(h) \circ \eta_x$ must hold.