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Answers for “如何定义两个函子之间的自然变换?”

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A natural transformation η\eta between functors FF and GG is defined by assigning a morphism ηx:F(x)→G(x)\eta_x : F(x) \to G(x) in the target category DD for each object xx in the source category CC, such that for every morphism h:x→yh : x \to y in CC, the corresponding square commutes (ηy∘F(h)=G(h)∘ηx\eta_y \circ F(h) = G(h) \circ \eta_x).

Conditions: FF and GG are functors from CC to DD.; xx and yy are objects in CC.; hh is a morphism from xx to yy in CC.

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The composition of two natural transformations η:F→G\eta : F \to G and γ:G→H\gamma : G \to H is defined componentwise. For each object xx in the source category CC, the xx-component of the composite transformation γ∘η\gamma \circ \eta is the composite morphism γx∘ηx\gamma_x \circ \eta_x in the target category DD.

Conditions: η\eta is a natural transformation from FF to GG.; γ\gamma is a natural transformation from GG to HH.; xx is an object in CC.