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Answers for “为什么在计算组合时要除以 r!?”

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Understand why

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We divide by r!r! because the permutation count includes all possible internal orderings of each selected group. Since combinations are unordered selections, these internal orderings are redundant.

Conditions: The selection is made without repetition.; Order does not matter in the final count.

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For selection without repetition, the number of combinations is calculated using the binomial coefficient formula (nr)=n!/[r!(n−r)!]\binom{n}{r}=n!/[r!(n-r)!]. This formula counts the number of ways to choose rr distinct elements from a set of nn elements where order does not matter.

Conditions: The selection is made without repetition.; The elements are distinct.; Order does not matter in the selection.

Understand why

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Reversing a pair creates a different permutation because permutations are ordered arrangements, meaning the sequence of elements matters. However, it does not create a different combination because combinations are unordered selections, where only the membership of the elements in the set matters, not their sequence.

Conditions: The elements being arranged are distinct.; We are comparing ordered arrangements (permutations) with unordered selections (combinations).