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Answers for “如何计算独立样本的似然?”

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To compute the likelihood for an independent sample, first write the joint pmf/pdf of all observations conditional on the parameter, then use independence to factor it into a product of the individual pmf/pdf terms.

Conditions: The sample x1,…,xnx_1, \dots, x_n is independent.; Each observation has the same functional form f(xi∣θ)f(x_i \mid \theta).; The data values are plugged in while θ\theta remains symbolic.

Understand why

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The joint pmf/pdf can be written as a product because the sample observations are assumed to be independent. Independence allows the joint distribution to factor into the product of the corresponding univariate pmf/pdf terms.

Conditions: The observations x1,…,xnx_1, \dots, x_n are independent.; The joint distribution is written as f(x1,…,xn∣θ)f(x_1, \dots, x_n \mid \theta).; Each observation shares the same marginal pmf/pdf f(xi∣θ)f(x_i \mid \theta).

Meet the concept

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The likelihood function is a function of the unknown parameter θ\theta after the observed data x1,…,xnx_1, \dots, x_n are fixed. It assigns to each candidate parameter value a measure of how likely the observed data are under that parameter.

Conditions: The data x1,…,xnx_1, \dots, x_n are treated as fixed observed constants.; The argument being varied is the parameter θ\theta.